tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8816939532130206232023-08-17T08:39:31.679+01:00Ubuntu ExtremeThe Quintessential Guide to Ubuntu.Abhiroophttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12607627018518429920noreply@blogger.comBlogger16125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-78609954358163044232009-04-29T02:54:00.007+01:002009-11-18T11:25:42.527+00:00Get DropboxInterested in <span style="font-size:130%;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="https://www.getdropbox.com/">Dropbox</a></span>? Click<span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"> </span><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="https://www.dropbox.com/referrals/NTI1MTkzNTE5k">here</a></span> to join and we both get an extra 250mb FREE!Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com65tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-73597197465478730652009-01-06T19:51:00.002+00:002009-01-06T20:09:53.385+00:00HOW TO: Use RSYNC for Backup<span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Problem: </span></span>
<br />You want to be able to backup your most important data but you are too lazy to copy and paste everything all the time.</span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;">Solution:</span></span>
<br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Use RSYNC!</span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a tool in the command line, but don't be scared off by that, it is very simple to use, and if you don't have the patience to fully learn it then read on and I'll show you a simple yet effective method of backing up your data. </span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Rsync is a useful command as it only backs up the files you have changed. So, the first time you run it it will backup everything you select, and in the future it will backup only those files that have changed from within the original selection.</span>
<br />
<br /> <meta equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="OpenOffice.org 2.4 (Linux)"> <style type="text/css"> <!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> </style> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">For the purposes of this tutorial I assume the following:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">1. User name: bob (so home folder is /home/bob/)</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">2. External hard drive is mounted at: /media/harddrive/</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">First of all its always a good idea to create a folder inside of your external hard drive before backing up:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Open a terminal and enter the following:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style=""><blockquote>mkdir /media/harddrive/backup</blockquote></span></span></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Now we are going to be making the backup bash script. I prefer making a script as the command is quite long. First we need to make a folder to store the script in (so it is easier to access).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></p><blockquote>mkdir bash
<br />
<br /></blockquote><p></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Then we must create the bash script:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></p><blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">cd bash</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">gedit backup.sh</p> </blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">In this text file put the following in:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"></p><blockquote style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">#!/bin/bash</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">sudo rsync -rltDvu --modify-window=1 --progress --delete --delete-excluded --exclude-from=/home/bob/Bash/BackupBigExclude.txt /home/bob/ /media/harddrive/backup</p></blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Explanation of commands:</span>
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">rsync:</span> this is the program used to sync the data. Rsync basically can check the destination data and see if any changes have been made in the source data so that ONLY the source data that has been changed is updated. VERY useful.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">-r:</span> copies directories recursively</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">-l: </span>copies symlinks as symlinks</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">-t:</span> preserves modification times</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">-D:</span> preserves device and special files</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">-v:</span> shows output (verbose)</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">-u:</span> skips files that are newer at the destination</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">--modify-window=1</span>: this is essential if you are backing up to a filesystem that is NOT ext3 or ext2, e.g. NTFS or FAT32. Basically in windows filesystem times are kept as even numbers. This command tells rsync to ignore file changes that are only 1 second in difference from the original. It is almost impossible that you will create a file, sync it, and in ONE second make a change and want to sync it again. So it is safe to use this option and it means that rsync will not back up everything every time simply because of a one second change.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">--progress:</span> simply shows the progress</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">--delete: </span>this is important. Basically rsync syncs files that have been changed. But what if you delete a file from the source directory? This command deletes it from your backed up hard drive as well.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">--delete-excluded:</span> this deletes folder/files that you have specifically excluded.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">--exclude-from=/home/bob/Bash/BackupExclude.txt: </span>this is the other crucial command. This basically tells rsync to exclude the files/folders found in the list BackupExlude.txt. To create this list do the following:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></p><blockquote>gedit /home/bob/Bash/BackupExclude.txt</blockquote><p></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Now in the text editor it is entirely up to you what you want to exlcude.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;">This is my list:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"></p><blockquote style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">MyDownloads</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">.VirtualBox</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">lost+found</p></blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">I am not backing up my MyDownloads directory as I download a lot of files/data some of which I do not want to backup. and I am not backing up my .VirtualbBox directory as its a massive 2gb file that will update every time I log into VB, a waste of time/resources. Just list the files/folders here that are in your home directory that you do not want to backup</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Here are some other hints/tips for the exclude command file:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">1. To exclude hidden directories (all the directories that start with .) do: .*/</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">2. To exclude hidden files (all the files that start with .) do: .*</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">locations:</span> the /home/bob and /media/harddrive/backup tells the script where to backup from and where to backup to.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">There are numerous other settings/commands you can use, including compression, etc. My method is simply to have a place where I can access all my data with minimal hassle.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Suffice to say these commands are quite technical, but they all work for me. </p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Save the files.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">Now open a terminal and type the following:</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></p><blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">cd /home/bob/Bash</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">sh BackupBig.sh</p></blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">This should run the backup, it may take a long time depending on how much data you have.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">NB: Make sure you take care when changing any settings. If you are unsure please ask. In fact don't even change the location without first confirming.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">For example, You want to backup /home/bob/ to backup /media/harddrive/ and you have lets say data x.txt, y.txt, z.txt on /media/harddrive/. If you do not create a separate folder all data on /media/harddrive will be erased. SO BE CAREFUL!</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">For more information on rsync commands see http://www.samba.org/ftp/rsync/rsync.html.</p> Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com66tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-49812644758314066712009-01-03T21:31:00.002+00:002009-01-03T21:36:17.425+00:00HOW TO: Mount Ext3 Filesystem in Windows<span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial;font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">You have an external (or internal) hard drive that has been formatted using the "ext3" filesystem for Linux. Unfortunately, Windows cannot read ext3 natively.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">The program "Ext2 IFS" (despite its name) has the ability to display your ext3 formatted hard drive in Windows XP.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">(on Windows)</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">1. Navigate to: http://www.fs-driver.org/ </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">2. Download the executable file.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">3. Connect your ext3 formatted hard drive</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">4. Install the Ext2 IFS executable.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">5. Follow the prompts and you should be able to see your drive in the windows explorer.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Till now I have not had any problems with this and I have been able to use this tool for everything from copying files to watching movies.</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com15tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-83527863201141365252009-01-01T08:36:00.001+00:002009-01-01T08:37:31.937+00:00Happy New Year<span style="font-family: arial;">To usher in the New Year, I have made a few changes to the look of this site, enjoy!</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-444120432505823202008-12-24T16:37:00.000+00:002008-12-24T16:38:23.426+00:00MERRY CHRISTMAS!To all my readers, hope you have a very MERRY CHRISTMAS!!Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-30755728377211243962008-12-18T04:09:00.010+00:002009-01-01T08:35:16.561+00:00HOW TO: Fix audio in Intrepid Ibex<span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Since Hardy I have had numerous issues with the audio on ubuntu. Apparently since Hardy the PulseAudio driver was being used and this created a whole host of compatibility issues. While some programs worked fine, others did not. Since I could see no benefit from Pulse I decided the easiest thing to do would be to remove Pulse entirely.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">First, we need to remove the pulseaudio package, open a terminal and type: </span><blockquote style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo apt-get remove pulseaudio</span><i><br /></i><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo mv /etc/X11/Xsession.d/70pulseaudio</span> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">/etc/X11/Xsession.d/70pulseaudio.bak</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo apt-get install esound</span><br /></blockquote><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Now we need to setup Gnome Sound preferences:</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. Open </span><b style="font-family: arial;">System > Preferences > Sound</b><span style="font-family:arial;">:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Make sure everything is set to "Autodetect" (as in the screenshot) and set Sound Capture to "ALSA".</span><br /><a style="font-family: arial;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUnRNTfIAbI/AAAAAAAAAG4/uopOjaLZ4t0/s1600-h/Screenshot-Sound+Preferences.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 378px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUnRNTfIAbI/AAAAAAAAAG4/uopOjaLZ4t0/s400/Screenshot-Sound+Preferences.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5280982064567943602" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">2. Open </span><b style="font-family: arial;">System > Preferences > Sessions</b><span style="font-family:arial;">:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Uncheck "PulseAudio Session Management"</span><br /><a style="font-family: arial;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUnRNVYCw8I/AAAAAAAAAHA/dQNRHY60EDw/s1600-h/Screenshot-Sessions+Preferences.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 311px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUnRNVYCw8I/AAAAAAAAAHA/dQNRHY60EDw/s400/Screenshot-Sessions+Preferences.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5280982065075110850" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Finally, restart the computer and everything should be working fine.</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-68845672009201803142008-12-18T01:17:00.006+00:002009-01-01T08:38:36.626+00:00HOW TO: Add keyboard short-cuts<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">You want to assign short-cuts to your function (F1-F12) keys.</span><br /><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" ><br /></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;" >The basic shortcuts:</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. Browse to System>Preferences>Keyboard Shortcuts</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;" >The more advanced shortcuts:</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. Open a terminal and enter:</span><blockquote style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-family: arial;">$sudo apt-get install gconf-editor</blockquote><span style="font-family:arial;">2. Click "ALT+F2"</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">3. Type in "gconf-editor"</span><a style="font-family: arial;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUmlt6j_egI/AAAAAAAAAGw/vhc9i1haTbc/s1600-h/Screenshot-Run+Application.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 307px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUmlt6j_egI/AAAAAAAAAGw/vhc9i1haTbc/s400/Screenshot-Run+Application.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5280934246301530626" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">4. Browse to apps/metacity/global_keybindings</span><a style="font-family: arial;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUmltAArFNI/AAAAAAAAAGg/LfIAZ0PS0S4/s1600-h/Screenshot-Configuration+Editor+-+global_keybindings.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 330px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUmltAArFNI/AAAAAAAAAGg/LfIAZ0PS0S4/s400/Screenshot-Configuration+Editor+-+global_keybindings.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5280934230584136914" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">5. Here you can change the values for each "run_command". As is shown in the example (above).</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">4. Now browse to "keybinding_commands"</span><br /><a style="font-family: arial;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUmltm-67iI/AAAAAAAAAGo/hmlzDdBSZ9c/s1600-h/Screenshot-Configuration+Editor+-+keybinding_commands.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 365px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUmltm-67iI/AAAAAAAAAGo/hmlzDdBSZ9c/s400/Screenshot-Configuration+Editor+-+keybinding_commands.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5280934241045769762" border="0" /></a><span style="font-family:arial;">5. Here change the corresponding command (e.g. if you set run_command_10 to F10, then here you will have to change command_10). It is difficult for me to suggest any particularly useful command, however, any command that you run in the terminal can be run from here. As an example my commands do the following:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><br />F1 - opens a terminal</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">F2 - opens gedit (text editor)</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">F3 - opens nautilus</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">F4 - opens nautilus as root</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Ctrl-Alt-Del - opens up the gnome system monitor</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">If you would like suggestions please comment.</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-10425505610291162362008-12-18T00:56:00.007+00:002009-01-01T08:33:40.108+00:00HOW TO: iPod Classic (6G) with Amarok 1.4 (Hardy Heron) <meta equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="OpenOffice.org 2.4 (Linux)"> <style type="text/css"> <!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --></style><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span>
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">While most of these issues have been fixed in Intrepid, the iPod still remains problematic in Linux. This is a guide I have put together on the most effective way of using the black 80gb iPod Classic with Amarok 1.4 in Hardy Heron (although it could apply to any distribution).</span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">NB: Going to start RIGHT at the begining, so I am assuming that you have ALL your music somewhere on your computer, and not just on your iPod.</span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span>
<br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >
<br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">Cleaning out your iPod</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
<br /></span>1. Connect the iPod.
<br />2. It should appear in nautilus (if it does not, see below)
<br />3. Browse to the iPod folder.
<br />4. You should see the following folders: Calendars, Contacts, iPod_Control, Notes, Recordings.
<br />5. Delete everything (NB: This erases you're iPod to factory settings erasing everything, including Music, Pictures, Videos, and Contacts)
<br />6. Eject you're iPod.
<br />7. Wait a bit and the apple logo should appear on the iPod
<br />8. Select you're desired language. <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;">If you're iPod did not automount do the following:</p>1. Create a folder in the media directory:
<br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"><blockquote>$sudo mkdir /media/iPod2</blockquote></span> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;font-family:arial;">2. Check where the iPod is mounted:</p><blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$sudo fdisk -l</span></blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></span>When you find the iPod (it should be FAT) make a note of what it says (e.g. /dev/sdf)<p></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;font-family:arial;">3. Type in the following</p><blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo mount /dev/sdf /media/iPod2</span></blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></span>(Where /dev/sdf/ is the location of the iPod from step 2).<p></p> <p class="western" face="arial" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">Amarok and Libgpod3</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;">For Hardy Heron and newer:</p> <p class="western" face="arial" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">1. In a terminal:</p><blockquote style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$sudo apt-get install amarok</blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold;">For Gutsy Gibbon and older:</span><p></p> <p class="western" face="arial" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">1. First to install the latest libgpod, in a terminal enter the following:
<br /></p><blockquote><p class="western" face="arial" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo -i</span></p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.tmp</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$echo deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse >> /etc/apt/sources.list</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$apt-get update</p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$aptitude install libgpod3 libgpod-common</p></blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></p>2. Installing amarok (NB: if you already had amarok this will overwrite everything!)
<br /><blockquote style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$aptitude install amarok</blockquote>3. Removing the old libgpod<blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$aptitude remove libgpod</span></blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></span>(this may prompt you to remove the ubuntu-desktop package, don't worry - it's only a meta-package) <p class="western" face="arial" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">4. Remove the newly added source</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></p><blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$rm /etc/apt/sources.list</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$mv /etc/apt/sources.list.tmp /etc/apt/sources.list</p> <p class="western" face="arial" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$apt-get update</span>
<br /></p></blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">Setting up Amarok</p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">1. Here I assume you know how to use amarok (i.e. adding music, doing your own customisations, etc).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">2. After you have done all that connect up your iPod.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">3. Go to devices and your iPod should appear here (you may have to click connect) - you will be asked to "Initialize your iPod", say OK"</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">4. Set your iPod model by going to iPod (just below main toolbar on top)>Set iPod Model>Classic>80gb or 160GB (black or silver).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">5. Next go to collection and right click on whatever songs you want to transfer and select transfer to media device.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">6. Next go back to device tab and select transfer (from the top).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Disconnecting</span>
<br /></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">1. Click on the gears next to where it says iPod, this should open up a dialog for mounting and post-disconnect commands.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">2. Leave the mount command blank and put the following in the disconnect box:</p><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"><blockquote>eject -t -d %d</blockquote></span>3. Click OK <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">4. WAIT for everything to complete (including on the bottom statusbar of Amarok which should say Flushing iPod Cache).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">5. When everything seems to have stopped click on iPod>Update Artwork (this may take a while depending on the number of songs, but after it is done you will see Artwork updated on the bottom).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">6. Click disconnect, it should say device successfully disconnected.</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">7. Now right-click on the iPod icon (either in nautilus or on the desktop, and select eject).</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">
<br /></p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-family: arial;">NB: All of this worked for me and my iPod is running fine with music AND videos.</p> Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-60154182667906357872008-12-18T00:49:00.004+00:002009-01-01T08:41:06.564+00:00HOW TO: Get wireless (Intel 3945ABG) working in Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)<span style="font-family:arial;"> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:130%;" >Problem: </span><br />The wireless card seems to be switched on but it does not not pick up any networks and is essentially useless. </span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solution: </span></span></span><br />1. Open a terminal </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">2. Input the following:<br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></span><blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$sudo modprobe -r iwl3945 </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$cd /etc/modprobe.d </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$gksudo gedit iwl3945 </span></blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></span>3. In the blank file enter the following:<br /><blockquote style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">alias wlan0 iwl3945<br />iwl3945 disable_hw_scan=1 </blockquote>4. Save the file and close it </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">5. In the terminal:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></span></span><blockquote><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo modprobe iwl3945 </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo ifconfig wlan0 up </span></span></blockquote><span style="font-family:arial;">Wait a few minutes and hotspots should start showing up.</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-74666485787295952892008-12-18T00:46:00.005+00:002009-01-01T08:40:49.987+00:00HOW TO: Add fonts<span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Lets say you have just downloaded a .tff font file, but don't know how to use it within OpenOffice.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. Browse to your home directory (e.g. /home/bob/)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">2. Click on "View" and tick the "Show Hidden Files" option.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">3. Now a bunch of folders should become visible.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">4. Look for the ".fonts" folder. If you cannot find it, create it.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">5. Copy the .tff font files into this folder.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">6. Restart OpenOffice</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Good resource for fonts: www.dafont.com</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-86718726236895558652008-12-17T16:45:00.005+00:002009-01-01T08:40:39.187+00:00HOW TO: Re-install GRUB after windows wipes it out<span style="font-family:arial;"> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span><br />You have installed Ubuntu and then realise that you need to dual-boot with windows. Unfortunately, after you install windows, in a separate partition, GRUB (Grand Unified Boot loader – the thing that tells ubuntu to load) gets erased! How do you successfully dual-boot? </span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:130%;" ><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solution:</span></span><br />1. Boot off the Ubuntu LiveCD </span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><br />2. Open a Terminal and type in the following commands, noting that the first command will put you into the GRUB "prompt", and the next 3 commands will be executed there; also note that hd0,0 implies the first hard drive and the first partition on that drive, which is where you probably installed GRUB to during installation:</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" ></span><blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" >$sudo grub </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" >$ root (hd0,0) </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" >$ setup (hd0) </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" >$ exit </span><blockquote style="font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></blockquote></blockquote> <span style="font-family:arial;">3. Reboot (removing the LiveCD), and your boot menu should be back. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Putting windows into the GRUB file, so that you can dual-boot: </span><br />1. Open the GRUB file:<br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;"></span></span><blockquote><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">$sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst </span></span></blockquote> <span style="font-family:arial;">2. Scroll to the bottom and add the following:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);"></span></span><blockquote><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">title Windows XP </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">root (hd0,0) </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">makeactive </span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">chainloader +1 </span></span></blockquote> <span style="font-family:arial;">Note that you should also verify that hd0,0 is the correct location for Windows. E.g. if you had installed Windows on the 4th partition on the drive, then you should change it to (hd0,3). </span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><br />Now when you restart your computer, hold down ESC and you will enter the GRUB menu</span>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-42098736359352038112008-12-17T16:17:00.006+00:002009-01-01T08:40:26.484+00:00HOW TO: Make Ubuntu look like Mac OSX<div style="font-family: arial;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><big><b>Problem:</b></big></span><br />While Ubuntu's theme is great, I personally prefer the slick brushed metal look of a mac. This is a quick guide on how to change Ubuntu's theme to make it look like Mac OSX:<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUkp6RZzWII/AAAAAAAAAGY/y-YcpLVOaFE/s1600-h/Screenshot.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 250px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mFnV5pQi2i8/SUkp6RZzWII/AAAAAAAAAGY/y-YcpLVOaFE/s400/Screenshot.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5280798119149394050" border="0" /></a><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span><br /><br />1. Go to:<br />http://sourceforge.net/projects/mac4lin/ and download the <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">mac4lin</span> package.<br /><br />2. Right-click on the downloaded file and click "Extract here"<br /><br />3. Open a terminal and browse to the newly created folder:<br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span><blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$cd Mac4Lin_v1.0_RC1</span><br /></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote>4. Execute the install script:<br /><blockquote><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">./Mac4Lin_Install_v1.0_RC.sh</span></blockquote>Thats it, just follow the prompts!<br /><br /></div>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-16288352712408395142008-12-17T14:47:00.009+00:002009-01-01T08:40:14.821+00:00HOW TO: Compile from source<dl style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify;font-family:arial;"><dt id="source"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" ><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Problem:</span><br /></span></dt></dl><div style="text-align: justify;font-family:arial;">While Linux (and especially Ubuntu) have come a long way, there are still times when installing a new program requires it to be compiled from source.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Solution:</span><br />1. Usually when you download a program that needs to be compiled it comes zipped. Therefore, you need to run the following command from the terminal t0 unzip it:<br /><blockquote style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ tar -xvf packagename.tar.gz</span><br /></blockquote>(usually the package will be in the tar.gz format, but it may not so you may have to change the extension)<br /><br /><br />2. Naviagte to the newly created folder:<br /><blockquote style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$cd packagename</span><br /><br /></blockquote>3. Now use the following commands to begin the compiling process:<br /><blockquote style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ sudo apt-get install build-essential</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ ./configure</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ sudo make</span><br /></blockquote>(NB: the ./configure command may fail as many packages do not have that specific file, ignore it).<br /><br />4. Now you have two options as to how you want to compile, you can use the old method which will simply compile the program, or the newer method which compiles the program and creates a .deb package which you can then use to install the program. The advantage of the later method is that a .deb package is much simpler to install (just double-click on it, like a windows .exe file) and the .deb package will be in your package manager (e.g. synaptic) so you can easy uninstall it from here.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">a) Old Method:</span><br /><blockquote style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">$sudo make install</span></blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">b) New Method:</span><br /><blockquote style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$sudo checkinstall</blockquote>The program should now be installed!</div>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-89453799982042198662008-12-17T14:03:00.010+00:002009-01-01T08:39:21.983+00:00HOW TO: Backup all installed .DEB packages<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >Problem:</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Lets say you have set up your ubuntu installation with all the packages you need. Now you want to backup all the installed deb files so that you can restore them quickly and efficiently. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" >Why would you want this?</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">When I was using windows I had a directory of every single program that I had downloaded and installed. For one thing it would be easier to install everything as I would not have to go online and hunt for them. It would also be useful when a computer does not have internet connection. In ubuntu "hunting" for programs is a rare occurrence thanks to the fantastic package managing system. However, I personally have about 20-30 programs that I have either compiled from source (using checkinstall), or downloaded debs from obscure locations. Now each of these debs I will save in a directory so that in the future I do not have to go hunting for them. With this command all the installed packages are backed up, including the ones in the package manager. So, why would you want that? </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Firstly, this is very useful if lets say you have setup a very basic installation with all updates, and all non-free video/audio codecs. Further, you have installed some basic software. Now lets assume you want to install the same setup on someone's computer who does not have internet. Using this script you can have all your debs in one simple location, so you will not have to re-download everything. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Secondly, lets assume you work for a school, or a company, and you need to install the same ubuntu installation (with the same software) on 30 computers. Wouldn't it be easier to simply put all these debs in a central server and issue the dpkg -i *.deb command. This way you don't have to individually select the packages and the packages don't have to download. </span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"><br />Thirdly, (and this is purely personal) I like to be able to have all my installed packages at hand. This command doesn't take much effort, and for me it only requires 1.4 gb of space, so for a bit of piece of mind I can easily have all my packages on hand. There is no real reason to do this if you are already doing a full system backup (e.g. an image of your Ubuntu partition using partimage). This is just something I discovered and feel could be beneficial to other users. </span><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Solution:</span></span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Open a terminal and paste the following into it: </span><br /><blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;" ><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ sudo apt-get install dpkg-repack fakeroot</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ mkdir ~/dpkg-repack; cd ~/dpkg-repack</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ fakeroot -u dpkg-repack `dpkg --get-selections | grep install | cut -f1`[/code]</span> </span><br /></blockquote> <span style="font-family:arial;">(the last command will take some time)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Now if you scroll to your home folder, you should find a folder called "dpkg-repack" which should have all the deb files of all your installed packages. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;" >Re-Install</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">If you want to re-install the packages, navigate to the folder with the packages and input the following command in the terminal:</span><br /><blockquote style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family:arial;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb</span><br /></span> </blockquote></div>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-38978708691282157852008-12-17T08:39:00.012+00:002009-01-01T08:37:07.269+00:00HOW TO: Create list of backed up packages<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-family:arial;">Problem: </span></span>
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">You want a quick and effecient way of backing up all the installed packages and re-install them after reformatting your computer. </span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-family:arial;">Solution: </span></span>
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. Open a terminal. </span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">2. Enter the following command: </span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;"> </span><blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;" >$ sudo dpkg --get-selections > installed-software</span>
<br /></blockquote>
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">This will create a file called "installed-software" in your home directory, listing all your installed packages. </span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">3. To restore all the packages: </span>
<br />
<br /> <meta equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="OpenOffice.org 2.4 (Linux)"> <style type="text/css"> <!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> </style> </div><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(51, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><blockquote><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;">$ sudo dpkg --set-selections <span style="font-weight: bold;"><</span><span style="font-weight: bold;"> installed-software</span></p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-weight: bold;">$ sudo apt-get install dselect</p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-weight: bold;">$ dselect</p></blockquote></div><div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">4. Scroll to install </span>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">You may need to repeat the last step multiple times to make sure everything has been installed.</span></div>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-881693953213020623.post-29942699652508438282008-12-17T08:12:00.002+00:002008-12-17T14:46:20.147+00:00Welcome!Welcome to Ubuntu Extreme!<br /><br />This blog aims to help the average user enhance their ubuntu experience.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com0